Carburetor



,July 10, 1934.

G. L. KENNEDY 1,965,652

CARBURETOR Original Filed Aug. 7, 19.26

3/ mvE/vTon:

Gqy L. Kennedy I .HTT0RHEY Patented July 10, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT;OFFICE Ken-Grip Corporation, poration of New York New York, N. Y., acor- Application August 7, 1926, Serial No. 127,858 Renewed October 15,1931 15 Claims.

My invention pertains to an improved carburetor; especially a carburetorintended to serve the purpose of mixing liquid fuel with air, andconverting same into a suitable motive agent for internal combustionengines.

It is an object of the invention to provide a carburetor which isinexpensive to manufacture, of few parts, compact in form and size; andyet capable of supplying fuel and air in correct proportions and in thefull volume required.

Another object of the invention is to provide a carburetor of suchconstruction that the relative quantities of air and liquid fuel can beobtained in the necessary ratio for all conditions and speeds of theengine to which the carburetor is attached.

Further objects and advantages of my invention will be apparent from thefollowing specification; which, with the drawing, discloses a preferredform of my improved carburetor; but I of course reserve the right tomake changes in details which do not depart from the principle of theinvention or exceed the scope of the appended claims.

On the drawing:

Figure 1 is an end view, and Figure 2 a side view of acarburetoraccording to my invention;

Figure 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Figure Figure 4 is a section onthe line 4--4 of Figure 1; and

Figure 5 is a top view of the carburetor, and Figure 6 a bottom viewthereof.

The same numerals identify the same parts throughout.

The carburetor as set forth herein comprises a casing 1 in the shape ofa hollow open-ended cylinder, one side of which has a pair of alinedextensions making a flange 2 by which the carburetor can be secured tothe intake of the engine. In this side is the outlet 3 of thecarburetor; and the cylinder or casing 1 also has, preferably on theopposite side, a pair of bosses 4 and 5; the latter of whichcommunicates with the interior of the casing-through a port 6. The boss5 contains a compartment '7, and its end is threaded internally toreceive a screw plug 8, having a duct 9. This plug can be united in anysuitable way to the gasoline supply conduit, so that gasoline or otherfuel can enter the compartment '7 and flow thence through the inlet orport 6 into the casing 1. At the delivery end of the port 6, theinterior surface of the casing 1 is recessed to provide a small chamberor well 10. This well or pocket serves as a reservoir of limitedcapacity, in which the liquid fuel collects and from which it is drawnand vaporized by the air flowing through the casing 1, in the quantityrequired by the conditions of operation at any given instant.

Inside the casing 1 is a rotary valve or controlling member comprisingan outer shell 11, open at one end, and with an external flange 12 atthe opposite end, which is closed except for an opening at the center.Through this shell passes a hollow tubular stem 13, having a head 14which closes the open end of the shell 11; the stem 13 passing throughthe central opening in the closed end of the shell. This head 14 has anextension 15 that projects into the open end of the shell 11, and.centers the stem 13 therein. The flange 12 and the periphery of the head15 engage and close the two opposite ends of the casing to keep thevalve in place, and the extremity of the stem 13 projecting throughclosed end of the shell 11 which has the flange 12, is threaded toreceive a binding nut 16. Between the nut 16 and the casing 1 is a diskhaving an .arm 17 to enable the valve to be rotated. This disk isclamped tightly by the nut 16, but it may also be pinned to the shell 11if desired, so that it is rigid with the valve.

In one side of the shell 11 is a port 18, to open and close, wholly orpartly, the outlet port 3; and in the opposite side of the casing areinlet ports 19, on both sides of the boss 5 with port 6 and well 10; Toopen and close the ports 19, the shell 11 has ports 20 therein. Betweenthe ports 20, the outside surface of the shell 11 has a number of smallaxially extending grooves or channels 21, made by scoring the surface ofthis shell; these grooves all lying across the well 10 when the valve isin such position as to open the port 3 fully. 4

In practice, liquid fuel fills the reservoir or pocket 10 and runsthrough the grooves 21 into the ports 19 at the sides, and is vaporizedby the air which flows through the ports 19, and inside the valve aroundthe stem 13, and out to the engine through the ports 18. and 3. When thevalve is in open position, all the grooves 21 will be in communicationwith the reservoir 10, and the quantity of gasoline and air suppliedwill both be a maximum. When, however, the port 18 does not fullyregister with the port 3, as by rotating the valve in clockwisedirection with reference to Figure 3, only a part of the grooves 21 willbe over the well 10, and the quantity of gasoline which can then flow tothe openings 19 will be reduced. The grooves 21 serve not only to dividethe liquid fuel into a number of fine streams or jets, so that it can beinstantly and thoroughly vaporized and taken up by the air, but theyalso enable the quantity of gasoline to be admeasured to the finestdegree. Since an increasing number of these grooves register with thereservoir 10 as the valve is moved to carry the port 18 more and more touncover the port 3, more and more fuel can be fed into the air stream.in proportion to the increase in the volume of air flowing through thecarburetor, and the ratio of the gasoline and air can be kept constantand at the value required. Thus when the opening 3 is half uncovered,only half as much gasoline or the like fuel will be supplied to the airentering the casing through the ports 19 and 20, as when the.

opening 3 is fully uncovered, because only half the grooves 21 will thenbe in communication with the well 10, and so for all other positions ofthe rotary valve in the casing 1, so far as natural conditions permit.Hence the motive agent for the engine is always of constant composition,and the vaporization is always so efficient and thorough that aperfectly dry product is obtained which ignites instantly in the engine,gives complete combustion, maximum power and smooth running of theengine. 7

' The chamber '7 communicates with the boss 4 by a small port 22, whichis normally closed by a conical valve head 23 on a stem 24. This headhas a shoulder 25, against which abuts a spring 26 encircling the stem24; and the other end of the spring 26 abutsa cap 27 that screws uponthreads at the outer end of the boss 4 and closes it. In the stem is ahole 28 for a wire to enable the stem 24 to be pulled to open the valve23. The interior of the boss 4 communicates with the inside of thecasing 1 by way of a duct 29, and the shell 11 has a port 30, whichregisters with the duct 29 when the valve in the casing 1 closes orsubstantially closes'the ports 3 and 19, and none of the grooves 21 arein communication with the reservoir 10. Then if the stem 24 be pulled,the valve 23 opens the port 22, and fuel can be supplied to the casingthrough the bypass formed by the port 22 and the duct 29. Thus fuel canbe provided for starting by priming the engine with relatively much fuelbut only a little air, as required.

Opposite the boss 4 and in line therewith on the opposite side of theboss 4 may be a similar boss 4, closed by a plug 31. This boss can beused to receive the priming or starting valve, if desired, whenconnections can more conveniently be made on the side Where the secondboss is situated. 7

The stem or core 13 of the valve leaves just enough free space around itand between it and the interior surface of the shell 11 to allowsufficient air and fuel to flow to keep the engine running and developfull power at its maximum speed. In other words, this stem restricts theair space inside the valve, so that when the engine is operating at itshighest permissible speed, just enough air and fuel as is required, andno more, can flow through the carburetor.

I prefer to leave the ends of the stem 13 open.

' Then, if desired, I can insert a heating element,

in the form of an electric coil or some other appliances for thepurpose, into the stem, to warm the air and make it vaporize the fuelmore readily. Such an element is indicated at 32.

Having described my invention, what I believe to be new and desire tosecure and protect by Letters Patent of the United States is;

1. A carburetor comprising a casing, and a controlling member therein,the casing having a reservoir for fuel, and the member having aplurality of open channels in its outer surface movable intocommunication between their ends with the reservoir to provide avariable number of outlets for the fuel therefrom, and thus regulate thequantity of fuel supplied to the carburetor.

"buretor in accordance with the volume of air entering the casing.

3. A carburetor comprising a cylindrical casing having a transversereservoir for fuel on its interior, and .a rotatable controlling valvein the casing, the surface of the valve closing the reservoir, saidvalve having a plurality of axially disposed open channels on itsexterior, so that as 'the valve is turned a variable number of saidchannels can be carried into position to communicate between their endswith said reservoir, and

thus regulatethe exit of fuel therefrom.

4. A carburetor comprising a cylindrical casmg, with ports for theadmission of air thereto, said casing having a transverse reservoir forfuel on its interior, and a rotatable controlling valve in the casinghaving corresponding ports, the surface of the valve closing thereservoir, said valve having a plurality of axially disposed openchannels on its exterior so that as the valve is turned, a variablenumber of said channels can be carried into position to communicatebetween their ends with said reservoir and thus regulate the amount offuel supplied to the carburetor in accordance with the volume of airentering the casing.

5. A'carburetor comprising a cylindrical casing with a flange at oneside, and a boss at the opposite side, the casing having inlet ports ateach side of said boss and an outlet port through the flange, to providea passage through said casing, and a rotatable valve disposedtransversely in the casing and having corresponding inlet ports, and anoutlet port to be moved into or out of registry with the ports in saidcasing, the casing having a fuel reservoir in its interior surfacebetween said inlet ports, and the valve having axial channels on itsexterior crossing said reservoir, a greater or smaller number ofchannels putting the reservoir into communication with said inlet ports,according to the position of the valve, for the purpose set forth.

6. A carburetor comprising a casing with a reservoir for fuel therein,and having a plurality of continuous ducts controllable so that the fuelcan be delivered through a variable number of said ducts from the middlebyway of both ends thereof into the air stream flowing through saidcarburetor.

' 7. A carburetor comprising a casing with a reservoir for fuel therein,and having a plurality of continuous ducts controllable so that the fuelcan be delivered through a variable number 01' said ducts from themiddle by way of both ends thereof into the air stream flowing throughsaid carburetor, said ducts delivering directly into the air stream sothat the latter can create a substantial vacuum in said reservoir.

8. A carburetor comprising a casing having a fuel reservoir therein, anda part having a plurality of continuous ducts and movable so that ductsfrom the middle by way of both ends thereof into the air stream throughthe carburetor, said ducts being connected with the air stream so thatthe latter can create a substantial vacuum in said reservoir.

10. A carburetor comprising a casing having a valve rotatably mountedtherein, the casing having a pair of inlet ports and an outlet port, thecasing also being provided with a fuel feeding chamber between the inletports, and the valve having corresponding ports to be moved into and outof registry with the ports of the casing, the valve having fuel feedingducts on its exterior to connect said chamber to said inlet ports.

11. A carburetor comprising a cylindrical casing, and a rotatable valvein the casing closing the ends thereof, the casing having two alinedinlet ports in one side and an outlet port in the opposite side, thevalve having corresponding ports to close or open said inlet and outletports of the casing in proportion to the degree of the turning movementof said valve, so that the volume of air passing through the carburetorincreases in proportion to the degree of turning movement of said valvefrom closed to open position, and decreases similarly during the turningmovement of the valve from open to closed position, said casing alsohaving a fuel chamber adjacent the inlet ports and the valve havingducts to connect said chamber to the interior of the casing adjacentsaid ports.

12. A carburetor comprising a cylindrical casing and a rotatable valvein the casing closing the ends thereof, the casing having two alinedinlet ports in one side and an outlet port in the opposite side, thevalve having corresponding ports to close or open said inlet and outletports of the casing in proportion to the degree of the turning movementof said valve, so that the volume of air passing through the carburetorincreases in proportion to the degree of turning movement of said valvefrom closed to open position, and decreases similarly during the turningmovement of the valve from open to closed position, said casing andvalve being further shaped to control a stream of liquid fuel suppliedto the casing and. delivered at said inlet ports, so that the volume ofsaid stream of fuel will also increase in proportion to the degree ofturning movement of said valve from closed to open position and decreasesimilarly during the turning movement of said valve from open to closedposition, and thus sustain a substantially constant ratio to thequantity of air passing through the carburetor, said casing also havinga fuel chamber adjacent the inlet ports and the valve having ducts toconnect said chamber to the interior of the casing adjacent said ports.

13. A carburetor having a cylindrical casing, a rotatable cylindricalvalve in said casing, the valve having an axial stem spaced from thebody of the valve, the casing and valve having ports communicating withthe interior of the valve, the stem reducing the free space in saidcylindrical valve to the minimum value permitted by maximum speedconditions, the casing having a chamber to contain fuel and the valvehaving ducts on its outside surface to connect said chamber with theinterior of the casing.

14. A carburetor comprising a casing having a fuel inlet, and a port anda duct forming a bypass to supply fuel to the carburetor around saidinlet, a valve to control said port and having a stem projecting to theexterior of the carburetor to enable said valve to be connected to anoutside operating member; and a spring encircling said stem in thecarburetor to impel the valve to close said port, the casing having achamber to contain fuel and the valve having ducts on its outsidesurface to connect said chamber with the interior of the casing.

15. A carburetor comprising a casing having a fuel inlet, and a port anda duct forming a bypass to supply fuel to the carburetor around saidinlet, a boss on the outside of the casing in line with said duct, avalve in the boss seating in said port and having a stem, a cap throughwhich the stem projects closing the end of the boss, and a springencircling the stem and engaging the valve and the cap to hold the valveagainst the port to close the latter, the casing having a chamber tocontain fuel and the valve having ducts on its outside surface toconnect said chamber with the interior of the casing.

GUY L. KENNEDY.

